Development of Multi-residual Analytical Methods for Pharmaceuticals, Nitrosamines, Hormones and POPs in Water
International Collaboration of
WARC (Republic of Korea), TZW (Germany), NIAES (Japan), OCWD (USA)

This achievement is based upon a cooperative research agreement between Orange County Water District (OCWD) of US and Water Analysis and Research Center (WARC) of K-WATER of the Republic of Korea and Technology Center for Water (TZW) of German and the National Institute for Agro-Environmental Science (NIAES) of Japan.

To minimize efforts of monitoring, risk assessment and policy making for emerging contaminants such as pharmaceuticals, hormones, disinfection byproducts, perfluorinated compounds and POPs etc., it is required to develop the multi-residual analytical methods of these compounds at aquatic environment. Therefore, we will develop analytical methods using new high-tech instruments including MS/MS or high resolution technique for wide range of water samples and also monitor to estimate their risks.

Our research goals are;

• 1) Development of multi-residual analytical methods for emerging contaminants
• 2) Validation of the analytical method through monitoring
• 3) Co-ownership of the methods developed to promote earlier management

K-water (Republic of Korea)

Animal antibiotics by LC/MS/MS

Sulfamethazine, Sulfamerazine, Sulfaquinoxaline, Sulfamonomethoine, Sulfadimethoxine, Sulfamethoxazole, Sulfachloropyridazine, Sulfathiazole, Sulfameter, Acetaminophene, Carbamazepine, Diltiazem, Trimethoprime, Caffeine, 1,7-dimethylxanthibne, Diclofenac

OCWD (USA)

Nitorsamines by GC/MS/MS/CI

nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), nitrosomethylethylamine (NMEA), nitrosodiethyamine (NDEA), nitrosopropylamine(NDPA), nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR), nitrosopiperidine(NPIP), niitrosodibutylamine (NDBA), nitrosomorpholine(NMOR)

Hormone/Steroids by LC/MS/MS

Estrone, Epitestosterone, Testosterone, Estriol, 17a-Estradiol, 17b-Estradiol, 17a-ethynylestradiol, Progesterone, Diethystibestrol

NIAES (Japan)

POPs and candidates by GC/HRMS

Aldrin, Dieldrin, Endrin, Chlordane, Heptachlor, Heptachor epoxide, HCB, Mirex, HCHs (a,b,g,d), (o)p,p'-DDT, (o)p,p'-DDE, (o)p,p'-DDD, transnonachlor, oxy-CHL

TZW (Germany)

1. Human phamaceuticals by LC/MS/MS

1.1 requested compounds by Kwater

Amoxicillin, Cefaclor, Roxithoromycin, Cephradine, Cefatrizine, Cefadroxil, Aztreonam, Ceftazidime, Rifampicin, Ribostamycin, Ceftezole

1.2 suggested comounds by TZW

Salbutamol, Clenbuternol, Terbutaline, Diazepam, Pentoxifyline, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Indomethacin, Naproxan, Fenoprofen, Phenazone, Dimethylaminophenazone, Propyphenazone, Carbamazepine, Iopamidol, Iopromide, Iomeprol, Amidotrizoic acid, Clofibrinc acid, Bezafibrate, Fenofibrate, Fenofibric acid, Gemfibrozil, Simvastatin, Metoprolol, Propranolol, Atenolol, Bisoprolol, Sotalol, Pindolol, Betaxolol, Ifosfamide, Cyclophosphamide

2. Perfluorinated compounds by LC/MS/MS (TZW suggestion is matched to the Kwater request)

PFHxA, PFHcA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFDOA, PFOS

Reports on The International Collaborative Research:
Development of Multi-residual Analytical Methods for Pharmaceuticals, Perfluorinated Compounds, Nitrosamines, Hormones and POPs in Water (Volume I).
(Edit. Jaewon Choi)
Korea Institute of Water and Environment (2008)

Contents

• 1. Pharmaceuticals in Water by HPLC/MS/MS (J.H. Kim)
• 2. Determination of Perfluorinated Compounds (PFC) by Solid-phase Extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (H.-J. Brauch and F. Sacher)
• 3. Determination of Pharmaceutical Residues by Solid-phase Extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (H.-J. Brauch and F. Sacher)
• 4. Determination of Betablockers and other Pharmaceuticals by Solid-phase Extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (H.-J. Brauch and F. Sacher)
• 5. Determination of X-RAY Contrast Agents by Solid-phase Extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (H.-J. Brauch and F. Sacher)
• 6. Determination of Macrolide Antibiotics and other Antibiotics by Solid-phase Extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (H.-J. Brauch and F. Sacher)
• 7. Determination of Sulfonamide Antibiotics and other Antibiotics by Solid-phase Extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (H.-J. Brauch and F. Sacher)
• 8. Determination of Penicillin Antibiotics and other Antibiotics by Solid-phase Extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (H.-J. Brauch and F. Sacher)
• 9. Determination of Cephalosporin Antibiotics by Solid-phase Extraction followed by Liquid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry (H.-J. Brauch and F. Sacher)
• 10. Multi-redisual Analytical Methods of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Water by High Resolution Gas Chromatography and High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (H.S. Eun)
• 11. Analysis of Estrogens/Hormones using ESI/LC/MS Coupled with Universal Resin Extraction Technology (L.J. Yoo, L. Sanchez, S. Fitzsimmons, M. Wehner)
• 12. Simultaneous Analytical Method for 1,4-Dioxane and N-nitrosamines using Solid Phase Extraction and GC/MS/MS/CI from Aqueous Samples (L.J. Yoo, S. Fitzsimmons, M. Wehner)

• Orange County Water District (OCWD) of USA
  http://www.ocwd.com/
• Water Analysis and Research Center (WARC) of K-WATER of the Republic of Korea
  http://english.kwater.or.kr/
• Technology Center for Water (TZW) of Germany
  http://www.tzw.de/en/
• National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES) of Japan
  http://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/archive/niaes/index_e.html

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